Intergovernmental Relations - 1326 Words

In Partial Fulfillment of the Course for: Public Administration (PA-101-02) Fall 2010 A Critique of: Introducing Public Administration 7th Edition Chapter 4: Intergovernmental Relations Presented to: Adjunct Instructor William W. Johnson, Sr. By: Francis Christopher Cincotti Introducing Chapter 4, the author explains how federalism is a fundamental part of U.S government and how it gives equal power to both national and state governments. â€Å"History indicates clearly that the principal factor in the formation of federal systems of government has been a common external threat.† The authors’ quote informs the reader that people have always been weary of a strong, national government and that there is always a constant†¦show more content†¦Federal governments defines that power is shared between national and state governments to run the country. Confederations defines that the power lies in the individual state and that the central government has a limited role in forming policy. While each form has its advantages, they also have their weaknesses and imperfections that hamper one form from besting the other. Unitary governments have the entire power lie in the larger groups while Federal and Confederation governments tend to have l egislative pass at a slow rate. Whichever the case, a public administrator must sometimes switch between the three categories in order to accomplish and suit the needs of the people they are serving at the time. Without delegating between the three, government policy can and will fall into either extreme. Federalism defines many roles of power, relationships, and structure in government and how a federal system is an ever changing form of government. In the United States, the government has gone through many phases of federalism and each phase has brought both good and bad aspects of government policy with them. Dual Federalism defined that national and state governments pretend that they were functionally separate and working independently, but not against each other. Cooperative Federalism has an interstate dimension, as participatory programs were undertaken among several states and the federal government. Creative Federalism gaveShow MoreRelatedHow Globalization Has Consequences For Intergovernmental Relations3407 Words   |  14 PagesDeveloping states have complex structures, which concentrate on the central state or probe state-society relations. Their scrutiny of relations within states provides much room for perfection, and they have only begun to value the potential of loc al governments to promote economic development. The aim of this paper is to explain how globalization has consequences for intergovernmental relations. China and India are analyzed as examples of how globalization affects economy, culture, and policy. Read MoreThe Capital Punishment Is Important For Consideration Is Intergovernmental Relations1423 Words   |  6 PagesThe Capital Punishment is important for consideration is intergovernmental relations. This paper analyzes this particular policy issue in New Jersey and compares it to other states. I will introduce the policy, followed by an analysis. I will discuss how it is cheaper for New Jersey to hold inmates in maximum security versus putting a criminal to death. I will compare the difference between California, Texas and Florida and how it costs these three states so much money to keep their death penaltyRead More Power Shifts In Intergovernmental Relations: A Result Of Fiscal Feder835 Words   |  4 Pages Power Shifts in Intergovernmental Relations: A Result of Fiscal Federalism nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Fiscal federalism is the result of the states dependence on the national government for funds. Until 1913, the national government had minimal monetary resources, thus possessing little control over the affairs of the states. Once effected, the Sixteenth Amendment resulted in the amassing of government funds on the national level. This reserve of money enabled the national government to initiateRead More International Organizations1664 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to Pease (2012), an international organization are conceived as formal institutions whose members are states and these are divided into two sub-groups called intergovernmental organizations (IGO) and non-governmental organizations (NGO). An IGO consists of states that voluntarily join, contribute financially, and assist in the decision making process. All of their members’ resolves, structures, and administrative protocols are clearly outlined in the treaty or charter. An example ofRead MoreSubjects of International Law1108 Words   |  5 Pages In any kind of legal relations, subject always play an important role, and it is one of the signals to determine the relation that pertaining the adjustment of any legislation system. International law is a legislation system that is a set of thousands of documents from various sources. The research about the subjects is necessa ry since it helps to find out the source of law, which relation pertains the adjustment of law. The subjects of international law include sovereign states and analogous entitiesRead MoreIslamic Development Bank : A Multilateral Financing Organization940 Words   |  4 Pages66 percent), Iran (9.32 percent), Egypt (9.22 percent), Turkey (8.41 percent), United Arab Emirates (7.54 percent), Kuwait (7.11 percent), Pakistan (3.31 percent), Algeria (3.31 percent), and Indonesia (2.93 percent) (Schiavone, 2015). This intergovernmental organization has evolved to create a group of five entities. This group of entities is Islamic Development Bank  (IDB), International Islamic Trade Finance Corporation (ITFC), Islamic Corporation for Insurance of Investment and Export Credit  (ICIEC)Read MoreInternational Relations Concepts1059 Words   |  4 PagesInternational Relations 210 Midterm Assignment 1. What does it mean to study international relations? The study of international relations pertains to the understanding of the rules of engagement between the sovereign states. This study falls under the domain of political science and international law studies. Based on the study of international relations, an individual gets an insight into the foreign policies of a government, the political dynamics that are prevalent in a region and overallRead Moreis globalization undermining state sovereignty?1559 Words   |  7 PagesAlthough it already existed long before through primitive trade and migration, globalization has become a major factor in the world organization since the twentieth century. With the creation of transnational companies, intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations, political and economic associations appeared new powerful actors that cannot be left apart in states’ decisions and whose influence may, according to some, threaten the authority of nation-states. Indeed it can be thought thatRead MoreLi beralism and Realism Essay1249 Words   |  5 PagesRealism and Liberalism are two extremely prominent theories of international relations. These doctrines exhibit sagacious perceptions about war, foreign affairs and domestic relations. The fundamental principles of protocol in which we rely upon aren’t always apprehensive (Karle, Warren, 2003). By interpreting the data one could fathom these ideas. The assessment of these faculties wield noteworthy dominance about the concepts of international affairs. In analyzing this data, you will comprehendRead MoreRealism And Liberalism : International Relations, And The Cold War Period939 Words   |  4 PagesRealism and liberalism are the two main theoretical perspectives in International Relations, and both theories provide well developed explanations of the dynamics of the international system on the world stage. A system is a group of units or parts united by some form of regular interaction, in which a change in one unit causes changes in the others. In the international system, the states and sub-state actors, the institutions, and norms regulate their interaction. This implies that these actors

The Psychology of the Employment Relationship Free Essay Example, 1750 words

As per the meaning of the term, psychological contract, it is the implicit contract of understandings between the organization and the workers as they relate to both the expectations of the employees and the obligations of the employer (Emott, 2006). When employees are being selected for the leadership programme the psychological contract is bound to be affected in some way. Guest (2004) takes an even wider view of the contract in such situations where new bonds are being formed and firmly recommends that the full understanding of the psychological contract should incorporate fairness to both parties and mutual trust. This was difficult to achieve in this case because the takeover was still fresh and managers and employees from both the companies had little time to create implicit bonds. As Hendry and Jenkins (1997) suggest since the contract is implicit, it is difficult to judge how it will be impacted with changes in the company, but at the same time, it is important to consider t he psychological contract before any change is announced to the workers. Impact on the Psychological ContractThe first case of employees who wanted to and have been selected is easy to explain in terms of the psychological contract. We will write a custom essay sample on The Psychology of the Employment Relationship or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page The company displayed its trust in the employee; the employee expected the trust to be shown and that employees can be further expected to act at a higher performance level than before. The employee can be expected to show a greater amount of commitment to the company, be more satisfied with the new position and have a stronger intention of staying on with the company despite all the changes which were coming. However, there is one case in which the psychological contract might be affected negatively i. e. if the employee considers inclusion in the program to be only a reward for their previous performance.

Essay about Virginia Woolf’s A Room of One’s Own Women...

Many female writers see themselves as advocates for other creative females to help find their voice as a woman. Although this may be true, writer Virginia Woolf made her life mission to help women find their voice as a writer, no gender attached. She believed women had the creativity and power to write, not better than men, but as equals. Yet throughout history, women have been neglected in a sense, and Woolf attempted to find them. In her essay, A Room of One’s Own, she focuses on what is meant by connecting the terms, women and fiction. Woolf divided this thought into three categories: what women are like throughout history, women and the fiction they write, and women and the fiction written about them. When one thinks of women and†¦show more content†¦This was soon followed by the death of her mother and the inevitable estrangement and death of her father. Due to these events, Woolf became close to her sister, Vanessa; whom both shared to goal of escaping the †Å"constraints of Victorian womanhood† (Hussey 377). This mainly stemmed from the sisters not being able to go to traditional school like their brothers. Not being mainstreamed into the school system provided Woolf with few friends and lead to many of her mental disabilities. After the death of her father, Woolf attempted suicide for the first time by jumping out a window. Soon after this event, her doctor and family members deemed Woolf mentally unstable. This led to Woolf’s passion of writing, it allowed her to explore her mania-depression on a deeper level. Her mental issues also led to her feminist tendencies, in which she eventually turned against men completely, even her husband Leonard. Woolf did not let her mania-depression stop her from pursuing her dream. In 1905, she began teaching literature at Morley College and also wrote her fist novel, The Voyage Out, which attempts to satirize the Edwardian and Victorian lifestyle that she was brought up in. Although lat er on in life Woolf would eventually turn against men, most of her friends were males from Cambridge. This is where she began participating in gender equalShow MoreRelated The Scope of Woolf’s Feminism in A Room of One’s Own Essay1655 Words   |  7 Pagesof Woolf’s Feminism in A Room of One’s Own Missing Works Cited A highly contested statement on women and fiction, Virginia Woolf’s extended essay A Room of One’s Own has been repeatedly reviewed, critiqued, and analyzed since its publication in 1929. Arnold Bennett, an early twentieth-century novelist, and David Daiches, a literary critic who wrote an analysis entitled Virginia Woolf in 1942 (Murphy 247), were among those to attempt to extricate the themes and implications of Woolf’s complexRead MoreA Room Of One s Own By Virginia Woolf1337 Words   |  6 PagesWoolf, V. (1929). A room of one s own. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Co ‘A Room of One’s Own’ by Virginia Woolf, is a feminist text. It is an extended essay, written in a fictional form, however although this book is narrated by a fictional character and narrative, it highlights and discusses the non-fictional reality of women being subordinate to men. The fictional character â€Å"I† narrates the books main topic of women and fiction; Call me Mary Beton, Mary Seton, Mary Carmichael or by any name youRead MoreA Room Of One s Own1247 Words   |  5 PagesA Room of One’s Own is an essay written by writer Virginia Woolf in 1929. The essay follows a persona Woolf creates, Mary, in her thought process to conclude that in order to write fiction, a woman needs money and a room of ones own, both of which women did not have at the time. A Room of One’s Own is a very detailed piece and requires several readings from different angles to draw out all sorts of information. Throughout this essay, I hope to examine a few of tho se viewpoints and explore the possibleRead MoreEssay about Woolfs Vision in A Room of Ones Own2764 Words   |  12 PagesWoolfs Vision in A Room of Ones Own      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many years have lapsed sinee Virginia Woolf spoke at Newnham and Girton colleges on the subject of women and fiction.   Her remarkable words are preserved for future generations of women in A Room of Ones Own.   This essay is the first manifesto of the modern feminist movement (Samuelson), and has been called a notable preamble to a kind of feminine Declaration of Independence (Muller 34).   Woolf writes that her modest goal for this ground-breakingRead MoreAnalysis Of A Room Of Ones Own By Virginia Woolf1691 Words   |  7 PagesIn her book A Room of One’s Own, (which is actually extrapolated from a series of lectures), author Virginia Woolf sets forth her thesis that a woman has to have money and a room of her own if she is to be a productive writer. She then offers up fictionalized scenarios of how females were oppressed in her lifetime (the book was published in 1929) and even provides a fictionalized, albeit probably accurate, accounting of how thi s oppression in the 20th century is a continuation of historical femaleRead More Virginia Woolfs Narrative Technique in A Room of Ones Own Essay3133 Words   |  13 Pages   Like most uneducated Englishwomen, I like reading. Can these words really belong to Virginia Woolf, an uneducated Englishwoman who knew half a dozen languages, who authored a shelfs length of novels and essays, who possessed one of the most rarified literary minds of the twentieth century? Tucked into the back pages of A Room of Ones Own, this comment shimmers with Woolfs typically wry and understated sense of humor. She jests, but she means something very serious at the same time:Read MoreReview of Virginia Woolfs Shakespeares Sister3106 Words   |  13 PagesReview of Virginia Woolf’s shakespeare’s sister By Gabriel Gyamfi University of Cape Coast Department of English INTRODUCTION Virginia Woolf’s ‘Shakespeare’ Sister’ is the third chapter from her literary essay A Room of One’s Own. In this chapter, which is the essay on Shakespeare’s Sister, she considers the question of why no women writers are represented in the canon of Elizabethan drama. To explore the issue, Woolf invents a fictional and mythical sister, Judith, for William Shakespeare and comparesRead MoreA Room Of One s Own By Virginia Woolf : Creating A Voice For Women1445 Words   |  6 PagesVirginia Woolf: Creating a Voice for Women Virginia Woolf, a notable English writer, presented an exceptional essay, A Room of One’s Own, which focuses on women straying away from tradition and focusing on their independence. With Woolf’s creative ways of thinking, her essay also correlates with Kate Chopin’s short story â€Å"The Story of an Hour† and Alice Munro’s short story â€Å"The Office.† A Room of One’s Own emphasizes three major points, creating an image for women: gender inequality, a woman havingRead More Analysis of Virginia Woolf’s A Room of One’s Own Essay1678 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis of Virginia Woolf’s A Room of One’s Own Throughout history, female artists have not been strangers to harsh criticism regarding their artistic works. Some female artists are fortunate to even receive such criticism; many have not achieved success in sharing their works with the world. In Virgina Woolf’s third chapter of her essay â€Å"A Room of One’s Own,† Woolf addresses the plight of the woman writer, specifically during the Elizabethan time period of England. Woolf helps the readerRead MoreA Room Of Ones Own By Virginia Woolf1116 Words   |  5 PagesMany women have become involved in the gender equality fight throughout history. In order to make their thoughts and opinions effective, they must employ rhetorical devices in order to persuade and engage their audiences. In Virginia Woolf’s essay, â€Å"A Room of One’s Own†, she uses symbols, themes, and personal experiences in order to explain why women are unsuccessful in society. In Emma Watson speech â€Å"Gender Equality is Your Issue, Too† she utilizes ethos, themes, and personal experiences to invite

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in War Veterans - 2507 Words

POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER IN WAR VETERANS SC-PNG-0000009299 Alwin Aanand Thomson American Degree Program SEGi College Penang 1.0 INTRODUCTION Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe anxiety disorder that can develop after exposure to any event that results in psychological trauma. This event may involve the threat of death to oneself or to someone else, or to ones own or someone elses physical, sexual, or psychological integrity, overwhelming the individuals ability to cope. As an effect of psychological trauma, PTSD is less frequent and more enduring than the more commonly seen acute stress response. Diagnostic†¦show more content†¦For example, according to The New England Journal of Medicine, out of 1709 Soldiers and Marines surveyed, those who returned from Iraq reported higher rates of combat experience and frequency than those returning from Afghanistan. Ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s probable that those who experience more combat situations are more likely to suffer to PTSD. As noted in The New England Journal of Medicine, out of those surveyed, 71 to 86 percent deployed to Iraq reported engaging in a firefight as apposed to only 31 percent in Afghanistan. Soldiers and Marines returning from Iraq were significantly more likely to report that they were currently experiencing a mental health problem, were interested in receiving help for their mental problems, and actually used mental health services (Hoge et al, 2004). As noted earlier, according to William Welch of USA Today, PTSD is produced from a traumatic event that provoked intense fear, helplessness, or horror (2005). Being wounded while in combat is a perfect example of an event which provokes intense fear. Among those who participated in a recent survey, 11.6 percent reported being wounded or injured while in Iraq compared to 4.6 percent of those in Afghanistan (Hoge et al, 2004). This is a clear indication that the events a soldier experiences during deployment will have influence on the possibility of PTSD after redeploying to the United States. Intense situations do notShow MoreRelatedPost Traumatic Stress Disorder in War Veterans2491 Words   |  10 PagesPOST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER IN WAR VETERANS SC-PNG-0000009299 Alwin Aanand Thomson American Degree Program SEGi College Penang 1.0 INTRODUCTION Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe anxiety disorder that can develop after exposure to any event that results in psychological trauma. This event may involve the threat of death to oneself or to someone else, or to ones own or someoneRead More Implications of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder for War Veterans1577 Words   |  7 PagesImplications of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder for War Veterans War is a complex concept that is increasingly difficult to understand, particularly in an age that allows for live images of combat to be beamed around the world. Many war films depict the brutalities of war and affects war has on participants, but it seems that these representations merely skim the surface. The 20th century is an era that saw a significant amount of military action: World Wars I and II, the Cold War, Vietnam, andRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder Treatment For War Veterans1564 Words   |  7 Pages Post-traumatic stress disorder treatment for war veterans Post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD is a psychiatric disorder that may develop after experiencing or seeing a traumatic or a brutal life threatening event. It is increasingly on the rise in war veterans. For those with PTSD only 53 percent have seen physicians or a mental health care provider. And for those who sought out care, roughly only 50 percent received adequate treatment when returning from combat. Although there are many treatmentsRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder Among War Veterans2201 Words   |  9 PagesPost Traumatic Stress Disorder among War Veterans Introduction Soldiers from combat missions face a variety of challenges when conforming to a civilian lifestyle. The fact that there are many of the identification issues and the influence of the environment, soldiers tend to exhibit Post-Traumatic stress disorders. The manifestation of the Post-Traumatic disorder PTSD leads to the development of traumatic brain syndrome and other problems. Service men and women have taken part in many war missionsRead MorePtsd Is A Whole Body Tragedy, An Integral Human Event Of Enormous Proportions With Massive Repercussions Essay1553 Words   |  7 Pagesrepercussions†. Veterans returning from war should be able to overcome post-traumatic stress disorder by going to health professionals or getting help with counseling. What is PTSD? Post-traumatic stress disorder is a life-threatening exposure in which an individual experiences a flashback to a traumatic event, such as war. Combat often substantially affects the soldier’s minds, but post-traumatic stress disorder can follow after a personal assault too (Wiley, 875). Post-traumatic stress disorder developsRead MoreZiek Sanchez. Massie And Perry . Pd. 3. April 12, 2017.1113 Words   |  5 PagesZiek Sanchez Massie and Perry Pd. 3 April 12, 2017 Post Traumatic Stress Disorder From The Vietnam War The Vietnam war was one of the most alarming and dangerous wars to fight. Every step in the Vietnam jungle was taken cautiously. The guerrilla warfare used by the Vietcong was frightening to anticipate. The majority of the United States army was only that of young men who had been chosen through the draft. Young men going to school and living a life at home in safety all the sudden having to makeRead MoreHell And Back Again : Movie Analysis1208 Words   |  5 Pagesprovides a documentary that assesses the impacts of war on a wounded veteran as he struggles with the challenges of shifting to civilian life. In examining these effects, the movie includes an exceptionally depiction of the unusual drama of war and the less outrageous experience of adjusting to civilian life as the character returns home. The movie is considered as one of the best movies that shows the plight of veterans during and after engagement in war. Even though there have been various combat documentariesRead Mo rePost-Traumatic Stress Disorder1496 Words   |  6 Pages Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Post-traumatic stress disorder is a psychological reaction to experiencing or witnessing a significantly stressful, traumatic, or shocking event. Did you know that one in three returning troops are being diagnosed with Post-traumatic stress disorder and less than 40% will seek help (PTSD Foundation of America). When people think of PTSD they automatically assume it just has to do with war veterans. But what people dont know is that children and teens all over theRead MoreAmerica ´s Hostile Response to the Vietnam War and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder 1630 Words   |  7 PagesVietnam War contribute to the high number of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder victims? Plan of Investigation In this investigation, the personal side of the soldiers who fought in the Vietnam war will be examined- particularly the symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) that were most common in veterans, and the different experiences in the war or after returning home that could have caused them. The types of warfare, deaths, and differences from methods used in the Vietnam War will be discussedRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd ) Essay1453 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Vietnam War, 84.8% of those diagnosed Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder still show moderate impairment of symptoms, even 30 plus years after the war (Glover 2014). As of today, the Unites States has 2.8 million veterans who served in the Afghanistan and Iraq wars, of those it is estimated that 11 to 20% currently suffer from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. As of 2013, a total of 12,632 veterans of the Afghanistan and Iraq wars are currently diagnosed with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (Glover 2014)

The Principles Of Blue Ocean Strategy - 1207 Words

One of the principles of blue ocean strategy is reconstruct market boundaries to separate competition and create blue oceans. To achieve this there are six different paths. As the Blue Ocean perspective rests heavily on identifying new and innovative operations, it is imperative that a map is generated to outline what questions to ask, and which trajectories to consider in pursuing it. Six paths were identified: 1. Look across alternative industries; a company not only competes with other companies with its industry it is also competing with those belonging to other industries that generates alternative products or services. The alternatives include products or services whose functions and forms are different but accomplish the same purpose. Every time that a buyer makes a purchase decision, considers alternatives usually unconsciously. For some reason, the sellers often abandoned this intuitive thinking, they rarely think consciously in the way customers choose among the alternative s that are offered by different industries. 10 2. Look across strategic groups within an industry; the strategic groups are generally classified according to a strict order based on two dimensions: price and performance. 3. Look across the chain of buyers (vertically); people who pay for the product or service may be different users, and in some cases, there are opinion leaders that influence decision. The different companies within an industry often consider different market segments, forShow MoreRelatedBlue Ocean Strategy By Chan Kim And Renee Mauborgne1694 Words   |  7 Pages Blue Ocean Strategy is a book written and published by Chan Kim and Renee Mauborgne in 2005. More than a decade of research was performed by the authors, and this research is analyzed extensively in the book. The authors were looking for successful companies that broke through the accepted norms of their industries to find greater success. Many of the companies they researched are still leading their industries today. These companies created what the authors define as a blue ocean- that is, â€Å"uncontestedRead MoreBlue Ocean Strategy By W. Chan Kim And Renee Mauborgne1212 Words   |  5 Pages(Vicky) (SID: 861179278) Bus109 section 21 Professor: Sean D. Jasso 16 Oct 2015 Kim, W. Chan and Mauborgne, Renee(2004). Blue Ocean Strategy. Harvard Business Review The book, which called Blue Ocean Strategy, published in 2005 and written by W. Chan Kim and Renà ©e Mauborgne. After reading this book, the author wants to tell us that companies can succeed through creating â€Å"blue oceans† of uncontested market place. They don’t want to battle all the competitors. They maintain these strategic moves in orderRead MoreEssay on Blue Ocean Strategy- A Marketing Book1053 Words   |  5 PagesBLUE OCEAN STRATEGY â€Æ' Blue Ocean Strategy Introduction Blue ocean strategy is a marketing book by W. Chan Kim and Renee Mauborgne in the year 2005. The book mostly borrows from a range of over 140 strategic marketing moves within a period of over a century. The book succeeds in showing how businesses, can outdo their competitors. Not because of battling them, rather, because of what the authors refer to as blue oceans, which consists of uncontested market space. Body The book gives a detailedRead MoreBlue Ocean And The Red Ocean Essay1674 Words   |  7 Pagesin the red ocean are now beginning to understand the importance of being in the blue ocean. Instead of fighting dominance in the red ocean where profits and market growth starts to dwindle, blue ocean represents the untapped market space where there are opportunities for growth making the competition irrelevant. The authors, Kim and Mauborgne, relying on their study were over 150 companies across 30 industries were analyzed, concluded that currently, two markets exist: the â€Å"red ocean† and the â€Å"blueRead MoreEssay on strategy marketing1247 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Team : Hetong Xu; Jin Liu; Jieqi Jin. Blue Ocean Strategy 1. What is a blue ocean strategy? What is a red ocean strategy? Explain these from the perspective of company, competition, costs, and markets. Blue ocean strategy, as a business method, is about company creating a new market or industry where there is no competitor. Companies play not by traditional rules, never use the competition as a benchmark. They could ether create greater value for customers at a higher cost or create reasonableRead MoreHket Case-Strategy1489 Words   |  6 Pages2. Key characteristics of a Blue Ocean Strategy followed by Hong Kong Economic Times group: Hong Kong Economic Times (HKET) was founded in 1988. The group has grown from a daily financial newspaper to a diversified media group. HKET growth strategy has been to differentiate each new product to ensure a sustainable diversified business portfolio. During its course of growth and success, their growth strategy has followed certain characteristics of Blue Ocean Strategy. Keeping in pace with technologyRead MoreAnalysis Of Blue Ocean Strategy By W. Chan Kim And Renee Mauborgne1231 Words   |  5 Pagesgood unit to measure success or failure; it’s the strategies the companies take, which decide the success or failure of the company. And the â€Å"Blue Ocean† Strategy, the term introduced in the book â€Å"Blue Ocean Strategy: How to Create Uncontested Market Space and Make Competition Irrelevant†, by W. Chan Kim and Renà ©e Mauborgne, is one, which ensures a company to have a long stretch of uncontested success away from the competition. Key Concepts Red Ocean: A market space filled with several players competingRead MoreBlue Ocean Strategy Paper970 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Blue Ocean Strategy Paper MKT/421 July 21, 2014 Anatomy of Blue Ocean Strategy In order to process the nature of a blue ocean entity, it is imperative to grasp the point of derivation, which is otherwise known as a red ocean. A red ocean, which is polar to a blue ocean, generates its namesake from a literal representation. Imagine a feeding frenzy in the middle of the ocean; the water turns red with the victim’s blood as predators competeRead MoreReview on Blue Ocean Strategy Essays1597 Words   |  7 PagesReview on Blue Ocean Strategy (BOS) BOS is a kind of strategy which be inspires to innovate and focus on develops new demand and new markets through selling products e.g: Ipod, Ipad instead of fighting with the competition over the same market share as well as satisfying the same demand from the customers which is typically done in a red ocean strategy (ROS). In other word, BOS represent untapped market space and the opportunity to gain high profit for the companies. They urge companies to enhanceRead MoreLego Group And Their Entrance Into The Board Game Industry1527 Words   |  7 Pagessegments. A value chain can be utilized to adjust the scope of operations. d) Value chain can also highlight areas where costs could be lowered via an inexpensive alternative and therefore widening the wedge. 29. The three tests of a good corporate strategy are as follows: a) The attractiveness test – an attractive firm/niche will have products with minimum alternatives or substitutes. b) The cost-of-entry test – cost-of-entry into a segment must be low and therefore, loss on return on investment will

Accounting Practices for Summarizing - Verifying and Measuring

Question: Discuss about theAccounting Practices for Summarizing, Verifying and Measuring. Answer: Introduction The core purpose of this report is understanding the meaning of accounting, importance of accounting in our day to day practices. The impact of guidelines and principals involved in accounting and the effect of employing new conceptual framework. The project also elaborates the outcomes when installation of new accounting strategies has failed. We will start by defining what is accounting, accounting is a systematic process of identifying, classifying, recording, summarizing, verifying, measuring, communicating and interpreting financial information. It reveals the value and nature, profit and loss for a given period of a firms liabilities, assets and owners equity and also provision of information on the means employed to finance resources, resources available in a firm and the results achieved through their use. Effective accounting always relies on well set accounting standard and principals for competent and reliable financial statements. Over the past year, there is a significant transformation on financial landscape. Some of bookkeeping procedures required in control of productive money related articulations have a tendency to come up short prompting a few misfortunes and chapter 11 in many firms (Nicolaou, 2000). A few endeavors to realize radical change through the presentation of a calculated system have bombed in Australia which acquires Australian bookkeeping models board to give insightful choices and means in which to control misfortunes which may have a tendency to develop because of disappointment in adaption of the new changes. Australian accounting board plays a major role accounting practices as accounting got a major impact on matters of economic growth and development. The board brings in accounting strategies by allowing accountants to use the generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) in order to direct them in reporting and recording financial information. In bookkeeping, GAAP contains a wide arrangement of rule that have been enhanced by the securities and trade commission and bookkeeping calling. The present arrangement of rule that is utilized by bookkeepers rests upon some hidden suspicions. The fundamental standards and presumptions are for the most part considered and connected to most monetary proclamations. A calculated system is utilized for monetary element supposition whereby money related records must be independently protected for each financial substance (Barth et al, 2008). Monetary element includes governments, organizations, places of worship, school locale and other social associations. Each financial event must be connected with and recorded by a specific component regardless of the way that accounting information from an extensive variety of components may be joined for cash related enumerating purposes. On expansion to this, liabilities of the proprietors and individual resources ought not be incorporated into the business record. Presumption of money related unit as additionally a reasonable system as in each financial element's bookkeeping records just incorporate quantifiable exchanges. Contracting another CEO or presenting another item are the sure occasions that influence an organization and they can't be effortlessly measured in money related units in this manner having no compelling reason to influence them to show up in the organization's bookkeeping records (Oldroyd and Dobie, 2009). All things considered, bookkeeping articulations must be recorded utilizing a steady cash. Likewise, the full exposure rule is additionally vital whereby data about an organization's past execution is typically given by monetary explanations. Be that as it may, pending inadequate exchanges, claims or different conditions may have a tendency to have critical and up and coming impacts on the organization's money related status. Revelation of such data ought to be incorporated into monetary proclamations as it is a necessity for the full divulgence rule. Having money related proclamations been supplemented by the references so as to portray the strategies the organization uses to report and record business exchanges and furthermore to pass on this data. Simulated eras must be utilized to report the consequences of business movement as most organizations exist for drawn out stretches of time in this way having era suspicions. Depending on the sort of report, the span time frame might be a day, a month, a year, or another subjective period (Oldroyd and Dobie, 2009). An inquiry regarding when certain exchanges ought to be recorded develops when manufactured length periods is utilized, for instance, in what capacity should a bookkeeper report the cost of gear anticipated that would most recent five years? This may influence the organization to appear to be unfruitful that year and absurdly gainful in resulting a very long time because of announcing the whole cost amid the time of procurement. We watch that bookkeepers utilize GAAP to record and report that bookkeeping period's exchanges once the day and age has been built up. Collection premise bookkeeping is additionally critical with regards to bookkeeping theoretical structures as by and large GAAP requires the utilization gathering premise bookkeeping as opposed to money premise bookkeeping. Cost standards, coordinating and income acknowledgment is the thing that accumulation premise bookkeeping clings to including the monetary parts of each financial occasion in the bookkeeping time frame in which it happens, regardless of when the money changes the hands. At the point when the organization gets money or its equal is when income are perceived and costs are perceived just when the organization pays with money or its identical under money premise bookkeeping (Soll, 2014). Administration fruition or item conveyance is the thing that decides income profit and acknowledgments with no respect to the planning of income. Accept that a particular firm demands six hundred preservationist hovers from a distributer in February, gets them in walk, and pays for th em in April the distributer will see the business wage in walk when movement happens, not in February when bargain is struck or in April when the money is gotten. Thusly, if a lawyer gets some cash retainer from a customer, the lawyer does not perceive the cash as income until the point when one really plays out some cash in administrations for the customer. At times in accounting, the calculated structure coordinating standard is likewise imperative as the cost of cooperating are recorded in an unclear period from they help to make. Cases of such expenses incorporate the cost of products sold, supplies utilized, pay rates and commissions earned, gauges for potential guarantee take a shot at the stock sold and protection premiums. Considering the distributer who conveyed six hundred CDs to a store in walk these CDs changes from being an advantage (stock) to a (cost of merchandise sold) with the goal that the benefit from the deal can be resolved when the income is perceived (DRURY, 2013). Cost rule is moreover basic having assets recorded at cost which is proportionate to the regard exchanged at the period of their acquirement. Regardless of the possibility that benefits, for example, structures or land acknowledge in an incentive after some time they are not revalued for money related revealing purposes. As indicated by the going concern rule monetary explanations are set up under the doubts that the association will remain in business inconclusively in this manner obligation does not should be paid off before development and resources don't should be sold at flame deal esteems. This rule prompts characterization of liabilities and resources as long haul and here and now (current). Resources in the long haul are required to be held for a long time while long haul liabilities are not due for over one year. Consistency, dependability and significance are likewise critical in bookkeeping with respect to a valuable monetary data must be solid, important and arranged in a steady way (Wstemann and Wstemann, 2010). For a leader to comprehend an organization's past execution, display execution and future standpoint so educated choices can be made in an auspicious way. Requiring that the data be introduced uninterested organizations varies data needs of individual clients. Looking at inner cl ients and outside clients, inward clients needs more point by point data than outer clients, who may need to know just the organization's esteem or its capacity to reimburse advances. Solid data is objective and undeniable. Reliable data is readied utilizing similar strategies each bookkeeping period, which enables significant correlations with be made between various bookkeeping periods between the budgetary proclamations of various organizations that utilization similar techniques (Wang, 2010). Rule of conservatism where bookkeepers are required to utilize their judgment to record exchanges that require estimation. Cases of things that require estimation is for a situation where the amount of years the rigging will remain helpful and the fragment of records receivable that will never be paid. With regards to detailing budgetary information, guideline of conservatism involves that when two assessments are judged to be similarly likely it is required that the less hopeful gauge be picked (Fan and Zhang, 2012). Materiality standard is the thing that bookkeepers take after which communicates that the necessities of any accounting rule may be neglected when there is no effect on the customers of financial information. In any organization's bookkeeping division following individual paper clasps or bits of paper is unimportant and unnecessarily troublesome. The bookkeeper's judgment on such issues must be sound despite the fact that there is no conclusive measure of materiality. Advancement of a fantastic budgetary revealing structure a top notch bookkeeping benchmarks are exceptionally pivotal. On account of fluctuating needs of customers for whom the cash related information is prepared assorted accounting traditions have made far and wide. In various countries the prerequisites of obligation specialists or central coordinators have been the mind-boggling sway while in a couple of countries accounting standards have been molded principally by the necessities of private loan bosses (Pandeloglo u et al, 2009). Australian bookkeeping measures acquires a system for announcing trying to convey steady, straightforward, applicable, similar and dependable money related data. Building up and keeping up fantastic bookkeeping principles are basic in Australia so as to give superb data to encourage educated venture choices through control of capital markets. Bookkeeping changes are extremely pivotal as they point on making bookkeeping to be compelling along these lines introducing brilliant bookkeeping guidelines comprising of an extensive arrangement of unbiased standards requiring solid, similar, applicable and unsurprising information that is significant for money related experts, credit supervisors and banks, and other individuals who settle on capital task decisions. Decisions about the task of capital depend seriously on substantial and sensible cash related information where first rate accounting rules are basic to the capable operation of market economy (Oldroyd and Dobie, 2009). It may be difficult to reveal to examiners the precision of the two courses of action of fiscal clarifications if through and through extraordinary working results, cash related positions or pay groupings are represented under different measures for a comparable period in light of the fact that of guarantors getting ready budgetary articulations utilizin g more than one game plan of accounting rules. Where the refinements include how one approach cloak poor budgetary execution, require pf advantage, or disintegrating asset quality request with respect to the acceptability of a substance's fiscal reporting are presumably going to rise. In the occasion that arranging of various plans of cash related information was not required, the efficiency of cross-periphery postings would be extended for underwriters. Nevertheless, as to the financial condition and working execution of potential speculations the effectiveness of capital distribution by financial specialists would be decreased without important, dependable, tantamount and predictable data (Nicolaou, 2000). In this way, having consistency with speculator security command increasement of effectiveness of cross-periphery capital streams by hoping to have high trustworthy, quality information provided for capital markets individuals. Reasonable bookkeeping methods leads responsible money related articulation in this manner a successful bookkeeping may well be accomplished by changing from customary methods for bookkeeping business operations in this manner utilizing bookkeeping programming moving to an automated bookkeeping (Deegan, 2012). A portion of the benefits of utilizing mechanized bookkeeping programming includes mechanization as all computation of money related explanations are dealt with by the product. Mechanized bookkeeping has a tendency to get rid of tedious procedures related with manual bookkeeping and furthermore takes out a significant number of the commonplace. For instance, sales are taken care of normally making accounting less repetitive. Precision is moreover use as accounting structures are planned to be exact to the minutest detail once the data is gone into the system all checks including increments and subtractions are done normally by programming. Dependability is additionally a signif icance as the money related proclamations arranged by PCs are profoundly solid because of exactness with regards to estimations. We likewise have versatile whereby, at the point when your association builds up, the measure of accounting fundamental additions and ends up being more personality boggling. Separating through data using writing computer programs is less requesting than sifting through a heap of papers as with modernized accounting everything is kept clear (Deegan, 2012). In issues of speed utilizing bookkeeping programming it makes the whole procedure of getting ready records to wind up plainly speedier whereby a tick of a catch creates proclamations and reports. At the point when chiefs need a vital report they don't have to sit tight for quite a long time or even days as it is only a work of catches. In conclusion, accounting is very crucial in economic growth and development enhancing introduction of new accounting standards for reliable and consistent accounting practices. Wise decision makings and strategies is the new change that should always be employed in the field of accounting and should be accepted by individuals and firms as accounting is the backbone of Australian economy in financial matters. References Nicolaou, A.I., 2000. A contingency model of perceived effectiveness in accounting information systems: Organizational coordination and control effects.International Journal of Accounting Information Systems,1(2), pp.91-105. Barth, M.E., Landsman, W.R. and Lang, M.H., 2008. International accounting standards and accounting quality.Journal of accounting research,46(3), pp.467-498. Oldroyd, D. and Dobie, A., 2009. Bookkeeping.The Routledge companion to accounting history, pp.95-119. Soll, J., 2014.The reckoning: Financial accountability and the rise and fall of nations. Basic Books (AZ). DRURY, C.M., 2013.Management and cost accounting. Springer. Wstemann, J. and Wstemann, S., 2010. Why Consistency of Accounting Standards Matters: A Contribution to the Rules?Versus?Principles Debate in Financial Reporting.Abacus,46(1), pp.1-27. Wang, S., 2010, May. A comprehensive survey of data mining-based accounting-fraud detection research. InIntelligent Computation Technology and Automation (ICICTA), 2010 International Conference on(Vol. 1, pp. 50-53). IEEE. Fan, Q. and Zhang, X.J., 2012. Accounting conservatism, aggregation, and information quality.Contemporary Accounting Research,29(1), pp.38-56. Pandeloglou, M., Pelettier, R. and Australia. Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations. National Training Directions Group (DEEWR); Spectrum Education and Training Centre (Australia), 2009. An introduction to Australian bookkeeping practices. Deegan, C., 2012.Australian financial accounting. McGraw-Hill Education Australia.

Abraham Lincoln and Clara Barton free essay sample

Even though undefined, Clara Barton and Abraham Lincoln set a good strong example about the American patriotism during the time of the Civil War. II. BODY – Thomas Jefferson’s Early Life, Politics, and Presidency A. Early life 1. Born in Kentucky Febuary 12th, 1809 a. Moved to Perry County, Indiana b. Mother dies c. Father remarried d. Schooling B. Presidency 1. Beginning Presidency a. Was a lawyer in Illinois. b. Won 1806 nomination for Republican Party c. Initiated new ideas 2. Midway through Presidency a. Selected best officials b. Resolved Trent Affair c. Union had control of border states 3. Ending of Presidency a. Those who opposed Lincoln b. Reconstruction c. One of top rated Presidents III. Body- Clara Barton’s Early life, traveling, and Work A. Early life 1. Born in Massachusetts a. Parents b. Good reader c. Nursed her brother 2. Teaching and schooling a. Became teacher at seventeen b. Enrolled at a Liberal Arts school c. Opened school in New Jersey 3. During the Civil War a. Nicknamed â€Å"Angel of the Battlefield† b. Worked behind the lines . Named Superintendent of Union Nurses 4. Finding missing soldiers a. Started a bureau to find missing soldiers b. She was much like Huck Finn looking for Jim. c. Found info for more than 30,000 missing soldiers 5. Traveling a. Went to Europe to take a break b. Promised to rally back in the U. S. 6. Work a. Became President of Red Cross b. Helped in Crisis i. floods ii. yellow fever c. American Amendment was passed. Summary of Paper a. Abramham is most like Huck because he does what he thinks is right above all else. b. Lincoln’s father fits the role of Pap Finn . Clara can be related to Hester because she is a strong women. d. Her scarlet letter would be that she’s a women Mikaela Boies Mrs. Weisman American Literature 1 March 23, 2012 Abraham Lincoln and Clara Barton Even though undefined, Clara Barton and Abraham Lincoln set a good strong example about American patriotism during the time of the Civil War. Lincoln did whatever it took to help his country through the good and the bad. Barton pushed through the fact that she was a woman to keep on pursuing her dreams. Therefore leading to some of America’s greatest citizens. In Hardin County, Kentucky in a small log cabin on February 12th, 1809 Abraham Lincoln was born. When he was seven his family moved to Perry County, Indiana, and two years later his mother died of tremolo; bad milk (Lincoln Information). His father then married Sarah Bush Johnston. His schooling was less than that of a year, but by the time he was seven he had taught himself to write and was constantly reading anything he could (Hunter). During Abe’s presidency he guided American through the biggest war in American history, the Civil War, and he maintained the Union and ended slavery. Before he had become the president he had been a lawyer in Illinois and a member of the United States House of Representatives (Abraham Lincoln ). In 1860 he won the nomination for the Republican Party and was elected a year after. During his presidency he focused mainly on the success of winning the war. He initiated the idea of his Emancipation Proclamation , the abolition of slavery, and advanced the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution (Gillam). When the war was coming closer to an end he was the first president to be assassinated. He closely oversaw the war attempt and selected the best generals. One of these officials was Ulysses S. Grant. Lincoln controlled the groups of the Republican Party good-naturedly and would influence disagreeing bureaucrats to cooperate. Abe productively resolved the Trent affair, a war fright with Britain (Beschloss). His leader ship of the Union later on gave the control of the border slave states during the beginning of the war. With all else going on he managed to organize his reelection in 1864. Those who opposed the war such as Copperheads, disapproved Lincoln for declining to cooperate on the compromise slavery. On the other hand, many also criticized him for not abolishing it soon enough. Even with having so many obstacles he developed his famous speech; his Gettysburg address. When the war was coming to and end he had an average opinion of Reconstruction and wanted to hurriedly bring the country through with a policy of substantial reconciliation (Norton). Abraham Lincoln will always be one of the top-rated and greatest American Presidents (Summers). Clarissa Harlowe Barton was born in North Oxford, Massachusetts to her parents Stephen and Sarah Barton. She was the youngest of five children and her father was respected as a politician, farmer and horse breeder (Faust). Clara was very shy but soared when it came to her studies. By the time she was four it was easy for her to spell complicated words (Faust). Just when Barton was eleven her brother, David, fell off a roof and became injured and ill. At the age of seventeen Clara became a teacher and six years later she founded her own school for mill workers children. After feeling the need to be educated more she enrolled at the Liberal institute in Clinton, New York for language and writing. Later after her studies at the liberal institute she opened up a free school in New Jersey. Under her leadership participation and attendance grew significantly (Faust). The school board did not hire her as the head but instead hired a man. During the Civil War Clara Barton was given the nickname â€Å"Angel of the Battlefield. † Clara Bartons work began after the Battle of Bull Run. She began an agency to get supplies to the wounded and in 1862 got permission to travel behind the lines (Faust). She eventually saw some of the worst during the sieges of Petersburg and Richmond but gave aid to those of both North and the South. By doing so she increased the comfort for those wounded and the odds of surviving were becoming greater. In 1864 Major General Benjamin Butler named her superintendent of the Union nurses. By the end of the war she started a bureau to help find soldiers M. I. A. She was much like Huck Finn off to search for a missing Jim for she never knew where they would be. Something like this had never happened before and she managed to find information on over 30,000 soldiers. The United States first national cemetery marks the graves of more than 13,000 of these unknown Union Soldiers (Faust). After the Civil War a doctor ordered her to go to Europe to take a break and while there learned about the Red Cross. So far twelve countries had agreed to sign the treaties to start the Red Cross but the U. S. was not one of them and promised that once she got back to her homeland she would rally to get it sign and establish it in the U. S (Faust). Not only did she bring the Red Cross back to America but she also expanded it to include giving assistance in any nation disaster. After the Civil War a doctor ordered her to go to Europe to take a break and while there learned about the Red Cross. So far twelve countries had agreed to sign the treaties to start the Red Cross but the U. S. was not one of them and promised that once she got back to her homeland she would rally to get it sign and establish it in the U. S (Faust). Not only did she bring the Red Cross back to America but she also expanded it to include giving assistance in any nation disaster. Over all Clara Barton and Abraham Lincoln are two good examples of American patriotism during the Civil War. Abraham Lincoln is most like Huckleberry Finn (Twain). He is fearless and does what he thinks is right above all else. Lincolns father seems to fit the role of Pap in his life and he strived to become more than his father (Twain). Clara Barton can be related to Hester from the Scarlet letter (Hawthorne). She is a strong woman but was very shy and somewhat outcast for being such a tom- boy. Clara was a woman and her scarlet letter would have been the fact that she was a woman and how that limited her (Hawthorne). Without these two prime figures of patriotism and strength our country would be far less then it is today.